Sunday, January 23, 2011

Othello: A Brief Character Analysis

Othello is one of the four tragedies of Shakespeare's. The main characters are: Othello the Moor, Desdemona, Imago (the villian), the kind-hearted wife of Iago, Emilia, the upright Casio and Jericho. Story is centered on Othello the main character of this play, whose decisions and attitude changes directs and determines the end of the story.

I would like make a brief analysis of Othello's character. He is a warrior, a brave soldier. He is a general to the Venice army who has gained the state’s respect and trust for his leadership in the successful campaigns against the Muslim Turks. He has excellent military talent. He is a person who upholds integrity and is also open, but he also trusts others too easily which in this play turns out to be his greatest weakness in which he was easily manipulated by Iago as a result. Michael Casio is a young officer, who is very affectionate, and who is well liked by the women around him, and later in the play, is revealed as someone whom Othello is jealous of. In the play, Othello promoted Casio to be his aide-de-camp, which caused an older officer Iago to be greatly discontent with Othello. Sinister Iago devised a terrible conspiracy of revenge on Cassio, Othello and Desdemona. Iago caused Cassio to get drunk and caused him to be stripped of his position and later asks Cassio to ask Desdemona to plead for him to her husband for a favour. But as the same time, he has also provoked Othello’s jealousy so that he will not agree with his wife's request and also will be even more disgusted with Cassio. Until the end of the play Othello have been a person who firmly believe that Iago was an honest man who is full of love and faithfulness. This is a weakness of Othello. His failure to rationally identify the problem in his anger has also made him completely disposable towards Iago’s manipulations. The incident of the lost handkerchief which Othello gave to Desdemona which is a very significant token to their relationship, has also further convinced Othello of Iago’s deception. Actually, we in this event can still find Othello two mistakes. First, he has done badly in resolving his issues with his wife, which are actually rather trivial everyday life problems which everyone will face in their marriages. He could have gave his wife a little bit more trust and the gift of a doubt and e could have also further investigated the matter. There are many ways in which he could have handled the issue better, but because he failed, he has given Iago opportunity to make his plans a success.

The second mistake was that in the play, Othello has failed to consider possible interpersonal issues between himself and the people around him. His actions of promoting a foreigner whom he favoured (Cassio, a Florentine) to the position of lieutenant might be a convenient for him to relate with him, but he has ignored the fact that he has caused discontent to Iago, a native through his actions. He should have realise the possibility of Iago having such motives, but he has failed. However, we can’t say that Othello was a very bad character without any good qualities either, as he was very courageous soldier who has succeeded in the battlefield and who is very honest, but it is also his naïve belief in honesty that has caused him to be bought by Iago’s lies which led him his inevitable mistake which can never be undone. It is also observable that Othello has a yearning to pursue a happy love relationship and he is also daring to admit his mistakes and is willing to bear the consequences for his actions - which is also commendable.

Resources: http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/23483626.html

Saturday, January 22, 2011

Racial Anxiety in Othello’s Downfall



Achilles’ Heel
Racial Anxiety in Othello’s Downfall
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Once the full title of Othello----“Othello, the Moor of Venice” is mentioned, with its highlight on the hero’s origin, attention would be immediately, and inevitably, aroused to the crucial issue of racial difference. As the vital infirmity, the suppressed racial anxiety in Othello, rather than his succumbing to jealousy or Iago’s cunning craft, ultimately accounts for the downfall of the giant.

Born of a noble background as a prince, Othello has a mind that is characterized with high principle and earnest feeling. His valor and intelligence win for him the prestigious position as General in Venetian army, with his capability much treasured by the Senate. He has the respect of the Venetians, among whom Desdemona’s father is no exception. As Othello himself claims, “Her father [Brabantio] loved me, oft invited me”(1.3.128). However, it becomes quite another thing to accept Othello’s match with Desdemona----a white noble lady. Brabantio finds his daughter’s eloping with a black man so preposterous that it is “against all rules of nature”(1.3.101). The only logical explanation Brabantio can conceive is that there must have been magic involved.

A black among the white society----that is the basic background that carries the tragedian seeds. Rubinstein considers the race of Othello as the issue of utmost importance in this tragedy (Rubinstein 74). If this fact is neglected, the whole dramatic complication that makes Othello a tragic hero would lose its emotional authenticity.
Critic tradition attributes Othello’s collapse to his jealousy or external agents such as the intrigue of Iago. However, jealousy is rather against the grain of his nature. Initially, Othello appears as a hero of self-confidence, intrepidity and calmness. He disarms the accusation of Brabantio with eloquence, gains the approval of the whole Senate and quiets the turbulence in the army. Even though at Iago’s provoking terms, his sense of dignity and confidence seems all the same inviolable:

My parts, my title, and my perfect soul
Shall manifest me rightly. (1.2.30-32)

Just as H.N. Hudson describes him, “Such is our sturdy warrior’s habitual carriage: no upstart exigency disconcerts him, no obloquy exasperates him to violence or recrimination; peril, perplexity, provocation, rather augment than impair his self-possession; and the more deeply he is stirred, the more calmly and steadily he acts” (Hudson 481).

Neither can such external agent as Iago’s intrigue completely explains Othello’s collapse. Rather, Iago only takes a subsidiary role, stirring some hidden predisposition in Othello. Palmer comments, “the mind that undoes him [Othello] is not Iago’s but his own”(Palmer 142). Othello has an underlying anxiety over his race and his position as an alienated member of Venice. As the process of Othello’s downfall illustrates, once this suppressed self-awareness is surfaced, Othello’s world encounters its vital crisis.

On the one hand, Iago constantly suggests Othello’s position as an alien, claiming “I Know our country disposition well…”(3.3.201) and “I may fear / Her [Desdemona] will, recoiling to her better judgement, / May fall to match you with her country forms, / And happily repent”(3.3.234-236). On the other hand, Iago repeatedly stresses the “unnaturalness” of Desdemona’s choice in her marriage:

Ay, there’s the point: as, to be bold with you,
Not to affect many proposed matches
Of her own clime, complexion, and degree,
Whereto we see in all things nature tends,
Foh! One may smell in such a will most rank,
Foul disproportion, thoughts unnatural. (3.3.226-231)


Iago’s offer of the two “facts” does none other than confirm Othello’s suppressed awareness o racial difference----a doubt he has been reluctant to admit. It is only after such provocation that Othello no longer claims “I’ll see before I doubt; when I doubt, prove” (3.3.185). Othello then bids Iago “Farewell, farewell”(3.3.237), but it is actually Othello the sturdy warrior whom is no more seen. He can no longer rationalize Desdemona’s love as before. He exclaims bitterly:

Haply, for I am black
And have not those soft parts of conversation
That chamberers have; or for I am declined
Into the vale of years----yet that’s not much----
She’s gone: I am abused, any my relief
Must be to loathe her. (3.3.260-265)

Self-doubt coming into the healthy noble mind, Othello gradually loses his wits until he is possessed with the determination to kill. Desdemona’s supposed disloyalty confirms his hidden doubt of inferiority, which hurts him more than any personal injury. Othello’s soliloquy suggests the collapse of his inner world:

Farewell the tranquil mind! Farewell content!
Farewell the plumed troops and the big wars
That make ambition virtue----O, Farewell!
Farewell the neighing steed, and the shrill trump,
The spirit-stirring drum, th’ear-piercing fife,
The royal banner and all quality,
[…]
Farewell! Othello’s occupation’s gone. (3.3.345-354)

By the time Othello decides to finish Desdemona, the conflict in his has become one that is not between love and jealousy but between love and honor. Not only his personal dignity but also the equality request from his race is demanding revenge. Therefore, the initial suppressed racial anxiety, when provoked and manipulated, constitutes Achilles’ heel in Othello’s downfall.

Sunday, January 16, 2011

Othello, Act 1

After coming back from church, I've decided to look through Othello. Only managed to reread Act 1 for now, and I'll have to leave the rest in the future since I'll be off for a game of Captain Ball over at Aman field.

(Still... I better get started, or else... =.="")

Act One begins with the discontentment of Iago and Roderigo; the former because Othello have favored Michael Cassio over him and have promoted Cassio to become his liutenant instead of Iago though he was more experienced in the battlefield whice Cassio was totally inexperiences and therefore, more deserving, while the latter is because he was in love with Desdemona, whom has secretly wed Othello.

This leads to the confrontation of Barbantio, Desdemona's father with Othello, who accused Othello of commiting witchcraft in order to make his daughter fell in love with him and caused her to elope with him, but Othello managed to defend himself and claimed that he has won Desdemona's heart through the stories of his past which he has told to her.

As I read through the first act, there were a few things that caught my eyes (though I must admit, that it was a struggle for me to keep my eyes open with all these classical English pouring over the pages~).
Othello might have been written about four hundred years ago, but surprisingly, as a person who is reading it from the perspective of a person who is not from that era (welcome to the 21sty century, folks.), I could still find a few things which I could still relate to especially when it comes to certain issues found in Othello.

Racism, for example, though not as prevalent today as how it was during the Elizabethan era back back then, is still something that I could still identify with when it comes to my life as a part of a multi-racial nation. In Othello, Barbantio, Desdemona's father, addresses Othello as a "Moor" which is the name of his race instead of his name, and accuses Othello of witchcraft which he supported with his claims that his daughter will not "fall in love with what she feared to look on" - which leaves me with a strong feeling of "Othering" and racism when I was reading through the play which is a reflection of the mentality of the real society back then.

Apart from that, I could also see another issue which involves human nature: Jealousy - which ultimately leads to hatred. Iago might have a basis for not being happy for not getting the promotion he deserves, but this does not justify that he has the right to be jealous and discontent, and feeling hatred towards Othello - and that does not justify either his malicious and deceitful nature which is a total contrary to what the other characters in the play believes him to be.

So in a way, I can also say that I have also manage to relate to the nature of Iago when it comes to my life and the people I meet everyday. It is a reminder to myself as well, that people are often not as what you think, and people can never be judged based on their appearances.

Oh well, that's all for now. I will add in more for Act One when I spent more time thinking about it later... but for now, Captain Ball... HERE I COME!!! PKA ROCKS!!! xD

Friday, January 14, 2011

How It All Began.....

Part One


(1st lecture)


Dr. Nurul: Class... today I am going to tell you about your assignments.


Wilson: *nod* *nod*


Dr. Nurul: You will have to get into groups of three, and make a blog...


Whole class: ahhhhhhhhhhhhhh???


Wilson: =_="


Dr. Nurul: In your blog, you will have to post about things related to the three plays we will be studying, and I will be checking them frequently. And please remember that I will be evaluating everyone individually, so please make sure there's contribution to the blog made by each of the group members...

Wilson: =_=""" (Swt. That is going to be a lot of work... And I thought I do not have to get myself involved in things like this anymore since I'm already in my final semester...)

Dr. Nurul: Or......


Wilson: *eyes attentive*


Dr. Nurul: You can opt to perform a play about Othello, and we will be doing it before the open public.


Whole class (except Azri) : Hah?????????????????????


Azri: Yay!


Wilson: =_="""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

(Guess the first choice is much better....)



Part Two


(2nd lecture)

Wilson: ...zzzZZZ (OMG. I'm so sleepy from last night... Why there must be 9am classes from Mondays to Thursdays on my final semester!?)

Dr. Nurul: Class, I'm afraid that there will be a slight change in your assignment...


Wilson: zzZZ....! Huh??


Dr. Nurul: I has a discussion earlier with Dr. Suzana regarding to your assignment...


Wilson: =.=" (Oh no. I have a bad feeling about this...)


Dr. Nurul: ...and we decided that it will be hard for us to evaluate each of you if we let you choose between the blog and play...


Wilson: =.=""


Dr. Nurul: ...so...


Wilson: =.="""


Dr. Nurul: ...we have decided that all of you will have to do both the blog and the play.


Wilson: =.=""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

(is it just me or... IS THIS IS REALLY THE END OF THE WORLD??? ARRRRRRRRRRGH!!!)


...T___T